The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Story of the Britannia, by E. Statham.The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Story of the 'Britannia', by E.
StathamThis eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and mostother parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictionswhatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms ofthe Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online atwww.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll haveto check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.Title: The Story of the 'Britannia'The training ship for naval cadets. With some account ofprevious methods of naval education, and of the new schemeof 1903.Author: E.
StathamRelease Date: September 6, 2014 EBook #46788Language: EnglishCharacter set encoding: ISO-8859-1. START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY OF THE 'BRITANNIA'.Produced by Shaun Pinder, Sam W. And the Online DistributedProofreading Team at (This file wasproduced from images generously made available by TheInternet Archive). THE principal object of the preface in avolume of this nature is to acknowledgethe assistance received from variouspersons; the title speaks for itself, andbut little is necessary by way of introduction.The material for the account of the NavalAcademy and the old Naval College hasbeen obtained, with very little exception,from official documents. PAGEThe “Britannia” Approaching Portland, Feb. 7th, 1862Cadet of 1849The Royal Naval Academy, PortsmouthThe Title-page of Broke’s BookA Page from Broke’s BookFirst and Second Class VolunteersA Plan from Broke’s BookWest Front of the Naval College in Portsmouth DockyardBilliard-Room, Naval College (Formerly the Large Study)The Courtyard of the Naval College“Jack Tar” ExpoundsCaptain Robert HarrisVice-Admiral Sir Robert Harris, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., as a MidshipmanRev.
Inskip and Mr. KnappModel of the First “Britannia,” Built in 1682Model of the Third “Britannia,” Built in 1762The Fourth “Britannia,” Built in 1820Officers and Cadets, 1861Captain R. A. Powell and Officers, 1863Captain John CorbettThe Fourth “Britannia” as Training ShipReading Off the SextantThe “Ariadne” DisasterRev. JohnsonCaptain the Hon. FoleyRoyal Galley. Prince Albert Victor (Duke of Clarence), Coxswain; Prince George (Duke of York), Port Bow OarThe Royal Cadets at SeamanshipPrince Albert VictorPrince George“Jim the Pioneer’s” GraveLieutenant Mainwaring and Cadet CaptainsA Class at the Seamanship Instruction ModelThe “Britannia” and the “Hindostan.” Cadet Racquet Courts in ForegroundA Beagle MeetThe KennelCadet MessroomCaptain N.
Bowden-SmithPoop of the “Britannia.” Cadets at PrayersCaptain F. G. D. BedfordThe Schooner Yacht “Syren”Captain N. S. F. DigbyA Group of Captains (Christmas, 1890)First Term Sleeping Deck on Board the “Hindostan”Chapel on Board the “Hindostan”A Signalling ExercisePocket MoneyH.M.S.
“Racer,” Tender to the “Britannia”Captain A. W. MooreThe “Victoria and Albert” at DartmouthThe Cadets’ HospitalOn the Sick ListFourth Term Cadets on Board the “Isis”A Lesson in SeamanshipA Typical Fourth Term Group: “Passing-Out” Cadets, 1893H.M.S. “Isis,” Sea-Going Training ShipThe King’s Visit, March 7, 1902The “Britannia” Dressed for the King’s BirthdayThe Cricket PavilionA Class at the GymnasiumRegatta Day: Twelve-Oared Cutter Winning a RaceCricket, Football, and Rowing Trophies, and the Rushworth SealFirst Eleven, 1889: Opponents of W. G.’s TeamA “Britannia” Rugby TeamA “Britannia” Association TeamBoxing ClassThe Beagle WhipsThe Cricket FieldView from the New CollegeCaptain C. H.
MasonOfficers’ QuartersCadets’ DormitoryThe Old Stable-yard, OsborneThe New College, Dartmouth. THE ROYAL NAVAL ACADEMY, PORTSMOUTH, 1806.The Commissioner of the Dockyard was ex officioGovernor, and received £100 a year additional for his dutiesin connection with the Academy. He was bound to payfrequent visits thereto, and to satisfy himself that themasters were carrying out their duties in a propermanner, and the pupils duly attentive and of goodbehaviour.Each student was to have a room, or cabin, to himself, anda warrant to the Clerk of the Cheque, in the Dockyard,authorises him to expend the following amounts forfurniture:—. 33 Bedsteads, if plain, or “field”£100£330033 Bedsteads, if to turn up Buroes ( sic)?
See.It will be noticed, in Article XXXIV. Of these regulations,that these sons of noblemen and gentlemen, on going to sea,were made to perform seamen’s duties, but had the privilegeof walking the quarter-deck; while the term “Volunteers byOrder” is still retained.Of the plan of education devised by the master of theAcademy there are no official details, except in the periodicalreports of the qualifications of the scholars, which are renderedwith great regularity and exactness, the remarks of the headmaster being sometimes very quaint.
THE TITLE-PAGE OF BROKE’S BOOK.This book, which is very appropriately lodged on boardthe Britannia, is a heavy volume of portentous size andthickness, filled from end to end with problems in varioussubjects, beautifully written and worked out, and illustratedby neatly executed sketches, diagrams, etc.The title page is elegantly inscribed: “A Plan ofMathematical Learning taught in the Royal Academy,Portsmouth; performed by Philip B. V. Broke, a Studentthere: 1792.” The subjects comprise arithmetic, geometry,plane trigonometry, the use of the terrestrial globes, geography,chronology, spherics, astronomy, latitude, longitude,dead reckoning, marine surveying, fortification, gunnery,mechanics.
A PAGE FROM BROKE’S BOOK.In addition to this very comprehensive mathematicalcourse, the students, as we have seen, were taught Frenchand drawing, fencing, dancing, seamanship, and ship construction.A considerably longer period was allowed for this than forthe somewhat similar course now in force on board theBritannia, the maximum time being three years; and asBroke did not get through under this, he was evidently notamong the most brilliant scholars, for not a few finished intwo and a half years, and some in considerably less. Themaster, certainly, says of Broke, in his last report, that he“has a good capacity, and is very diligent”; but the factremains that his time in passing places him below theaverage, and his work book therefore speaks well for theAcademy. FIRST AND SECOND CLASS VOLUNTEERS, EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY.From an old print in the possession of J. CHAPTER II.THE ROYAL NAVAL COLLEGE.New Brooms—Radical Changes—The Academy Closed—Wanted, a Professor—JamesInman—An Enthusiastic Scholar—His Love of Fair Play—SeniorWrangler—Antarctic Astronomer—Appointed Professor—“Inman’s Tables”—TheCollege Opens—A Master’s Untimely Optimism—A Poser for Their Lordships—TheNew Course of Studies—John Irving, Silver Medallist—A Mathematician’sDevice—The Rod and the “Black Hole”—New Regulations—CommissionedOfficers Admitted—Elastic Hours of Study—The End Approaches—The“late” Royal Naval College—Inman’s Pension—Sir H. Keppel’s Recollections—TheBox Seat—A Retaliatory Cascade—Sir W. R. Mends—AllegedToadying—Sir G. R.
Mundy’s Letters—Keeping a “Mess”—The “BlackHole” in Being—“A Blow-out,” and After—Sir B. J. WEST FRONT OF THE NAVAL COLLEGE IN PORTSMOUTH DOCKYARD.Photo: Cassell & Co., Ltd.“5th. That a Post-Captain be appointed as Lieutenant-Governor,with net salary of £500 per annum.“6th. That an able Mathematician from Cambridge beappointed as Professor, at £8 per head per annum, on a basisof probably seventy Scholars under the new system. To haveapartments, and to have nothing to do with boarding, &c., norattention out of College hours.“7th. The Preceptor to receive £300 per annum.“8th. That some disabled and meritorious Lieutenant beappointed as Housekeeper, to look after the domestic concernsof the College, under a Committee consisting of the Lieut.-Governor,the Professor, and the Preceptor.”9th to 17th Articles contain details of the salaries of thevarious masters and instructors, the total being £1,443 10s.,exclusive of the Professor, but including the Lieut.-Governor.“18th.
That the number of Scholars be increased from fortyto seventy, of whom forty are to be sons of Officers, and theremainder sons of Officers, Noblemen, or Gentlemen, who arefound qualified.“19th. That the age of entry be not less than thirteen, ormore than sixteen; that Scholars are to remain three years,whether they have completed the plan or not: only two yearsto reckon in any case towards the six years required to qualifyfor Lieutenant’s commission.“20th. That preference be given to youths who have beenat sea before.“21st. That to avoid misuse of the College, parents are togive a bond for £200, to be forfeited in the event of a Scholarfailing to complete his course and qualify for the Navy.“22nd.
That a Capitation fee of four shillings per day bepaid by each Scholar while he is actually in the College.“23rd. That the distribution of the said Capitation fee beas follows:—. £s.d.Stopped for Professor800Stopped for Clothing1000Board for 330 days at 1s. 9d., of which 3d. Goes to the Housekeeper28176Washing, 47 weeks, at 2s. Per week4140Pocket Money at 1s. Per week0 days at 4s.
Per day (allowing five weeks for holidays)6600Balance1216”The alterations and enlargements involved in this schemenaturally occupied a considerable time, and the establishmentwas closed from about May, 1806, until February, 1808, andeven then was not in some respects complete.Meanwhile, the Admiralty were seeking a fit and properperson to fill the important post of Professor under the newarrangements; and, a good mathematician being required,they naturally turned to the University of Cambridge, thebirthplace of Wranglers. There they were lucky enough tofind the very man they wanted, in the person of JamesInman, a man whose name will not soon be forgotten by thosewho are interested in the science of navigation.He was, to start with, a born mathematician; everythingin this line seemed to come as easily to him as the alphabet,and abstruse problems which in other men would causecorrugated brows and the burning of the midnight oil were tohim merely pleasant employment. He was also a goodorganiser, a man of details, and at the same time of pleasingand strong personality. Sir Henry Keppel—one of the lastsurvivors of old College times—gives his impression of Inmanas “a tall man in black, with an austere countenance: butthere was that in him that I liked.”In the “Life and Letters of Sir Bartholomew J.
Sulivan”the following passage occurs:—“I was content so long as I kept with the senior boys ofmy batch; and it was a fortunate thing for me that, threemonths after I entered, Dr. Inman’s son, Richard Inman,joined us. He had learnt the first three months’ work, ormore, before he entered, and I had nearly completed in threemonths what we were allowed six for.
Inman passed in thestudies that made him equal with me within a week ofentering, and then we went on competing each month.Nothing could be fairer than Dr. Inman was to me throughoutthis rivalry.
BILLIARD-ROOM, NAVAL COLLEGE (FORMERLY THE LARGE STUDY).Photo: Cassell & Co., Ltd.Eventually he returned to England by way of China, andtowards the end of 1807 he was appointed Professor at theRoyal Naval College, a post which he held for nearly thirtyyears. He was ordained about 1805, but does not appear tohave held any benefice.During the whole period of the existence of the Collegeunder the amended regulations the official records andcorrespondence bear constant testimony to Inman’s unflaggingzeal and energy; he was always inaugurating something new,and it usually involved an accession of work for himself, butthis he never appeared for a moment to consider. CHAPTER III.THE “ILLUSTRIOUS.”Captain Robert Harris—His Birth and Career—Appointed to the Illustrious—“JemmyGraham’s Novices”—A Model School for Seamen—A Visit to theIllustrious—Why not Train Young Officers?—Opposition of Old Officers—CadetRobert H. Harris—A Successful Experiment—Institution of Cadets’Training Ship—Captain Harris Suffers for His Zeal—Commendatory Letters—Heis Superseded—The New Admiralty Circular—General Approval of theScheme—The Staff of the Illustrious—Lieutenant George S. Nares—DisciplinaryMethods—The Cadets’ Corporals—Withering Sarcasm—Old-fashioned Seamanship—Cricket—“Slingthe Monkey”—Rev. CAPTAIN HARRIS.In 1836 Harris was appointedgunnery lieutenant of the Melville,serving in her under CaptainsDouglas and Dundas.He was specially promoted tocommander, June 8th, 1841, forhis services at the capture of theBogue Forts, in China, February26th, 1841.
After studying for atime on half-pay at the RoyalNaval College, he commandedthe Flying Fish in the experimentalBrig Squadron, and afterwardson the West Coast ofAfrica, from 1844 to 1846, subsequentlyserving in the Ganges,from which he was promoted tocaptain, October 19th, 1849. Hewas appointed flag captain toSir W. F. Martin, in the PrinceRegent, in 1851, and left her in 1852.Two years later Captain Harris received the appointmentwhich he was destined to hold for the long period of eightyears—for it was practically continuous, though in two differentvessels—and in which he performed the valuable services inconnection with which his name is best known in the service.In 1854, during the Crimean War, Sir James Graham,then First Lord of the Admiralty, conceived the plan ofestablishing at Portsmouth a training ship for young seamen,in order to provide a better class of men to fill the vacanciesin the Fleet. They were shipped under the name of “novices,”and were popularly known as “Jemmy Graham’s novices,” thescheme being probably regarded with some disapprobation,not untinged with ridicule, by many of the old “shellbacks”in the Service—the usual fate of innovations, however wellconceived and beneficial. The Illustrious, a two-decker, wasappropriated for this purpose, and Captain Harris was placedin command.He had already, beyond doubt, an excellent reputation atheadquarters as a most zealous and capable officer, whoseheart was in his work; and he speedily proved that his selectionfor this special duty was a peculiarly happy one.
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